What is DNS, DNS Name Resolution

DNS - The Basic

Let Suppose you have 3 friends whose name are Tom, Rick, Peter and 3 more  friends whose name are 192.165.85.92, 192.78.56.85, 145.251.165. Which one is easy to remember? Atleast for me, the first set of names is easy to remember.  Computers communicate through IP addresses. If we open a website http://learningdeskz.blogspot.in/, at the backend it locates its IP address and sends request to that address and the page is displayed. DNS is the place where this IP address is saved corresponding to the website name.

DNS definition: DNS is a system that is used in TCP/IP networks for naming computers and network services. DNS naming locates computers and services through user-friendly names. When a user enters a DNS name in an application, DNS services can resolve the name to other information that is associated with the name, such as an IP address.

DNS Name Resolution: DNS name resolution is nothing but resolving host names, such as http://learningdeskz.blogspot.in/, to their corresponding IP addresses. DNS works as the “phone book” for the Internet by translating hostname into IP address or vise versa. Without DNS name resolution, nothing will work on the Internet as nobody likes to remember IP address, so DNS is foundation of many Internet services such as web, email, etc.

WorkGroup Versus Domain

Computers on a network can be part of a workgroup or a domain. The main difference between workgroups and domains is how resources on the network are managed. Computers on home networks are usually part of a workgroup, and computers on workplace networks are usually part of a domain.

In a workgroup:

• All computers are peers; no computer has control over another computer.
• Each computer has a set of user accounts. To use any computer in the workgroup, you must have an account on that computer.
• There are typically no more than ten to twenty computers.
• All computers must be on the same local network or subnet.

In a domain:

• One or more computers are servers. Network administrators use servers to control the security and permissions for all computers on the domain. This makes it easy to make changes because the changes are automatically made to all computers.
• If you have a user account on the domain, you can log on to any computer on the domain without needing an account on that computer.
• There can be hundreds or thousands of computers.
• The computers can be on different local networks.

Windows Server 2012 Editions

Windows Server 2012 R2 editions

Features	Foundation	Essentials	Standard	Datacenter
CPU socket limit	1	2	64	64
Memory limit	32GB	64GB	4TB	4TB
Licensing model	Per server	Per server	Per CPU (pair) + CAL	Per CPU (pair) + CAL
User limit	15	25	Unlimited	Unlimited
Access service limits	50 RRAS / 10 IAS	250 RRAS / 50 IAS / 2 IAS Server Groups	Unlimited	Unlimited
Virtualization	No	Either 1 VM or 1 physical server	2 VMs	Unlimited
Hyper-V	No	No	Yes	Yes
Server Core mode	No	No	Yes	Yes
IIS	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
File Services limits	1 DFS root	1 DFS root	Unlimited	Unlimited